What is parkinsons disease

 parkinsons disease - Discovered by James Parkinson and named after him by the French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot during his studies between 1868-1881 of the disease of Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease also known as PD is described as a brain disorder not fatal neurodegenerative central nervous system that affects the movement of the body due to a lack of dopamine in the brain.

Whenever we see something we like, a meeting of an addiction, or we are doing something that we love, our brain produces a chemical hormone called dopamine that is created in a particular area of the brain's basal ganglia located in the region of the midbrain and the substance is called nigra. Dopamine is an important chemical or neurotransmitter that helps the movement of the body to be more coordinated and smooth and transmits signals between neurons at the synapse. When 60-80% of the dopamine-producing cells are damaged and stops producing enough dopamine, this causes the imbalance between dopamine and acetylcholine, causing so, the visible symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is also leading the development of Lewy bodies in the nerve cells that cause dementia with Lewy bodies and the obstruction of communication between cells. Parkinson's disease commonly affects older people, the majority of the cases around the age of 50. While Parkinson's disease is not fatal, it is progressive, which means, that gets worse over time.

What is parkinsons disease

The earliest symptoms of PD are tremor or shaking of the hands while resting and usually begins at the start of a new activity, such as getting up and walking. The real cause of Parkinson's disease so far is unknown, but most experts believe that it may be linked to genetic and environmental factors.

Major visible symptoms of Parkinson's disease:

• Trembling or shaking of the hands of other members, while in the rest
• The rigidity and increased tone in the muscle of the body
• Slowed body movement (bradykinesia)
• Difficulties in maintaining balance.

There is a cure for Parkinson's disease at this time, but there are several treatments and medications approved by the FDA to help control the symptoms that can help to maintain a good quality of life, such as deep brain Stimulator procedure (DBS), which helps treat variety of deactivation of neurological symptoms, but this treatment is usually used as a last resort When the motor symptoms become too unstable and regular medication is not working. Levodopa and dopamine agonists are drugs that can be taken to relieve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Levodopa is a drug that the brain turns it into Dopamine and is a drug that has been used for more than 30 years. The problem with levodopa medication is that the body becomes immune to the effects of medication and soon, which can produce symptoms of side effects such as dyskinesia, which is involuntary twisting movement.

You can read another articles like     Parkinson Treatment,  Parkinsons Causes, Parkinsons Medications,  Vascular Parkinsonism. 



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Parkinsons Disease Symptoms - Symptoms Of Parkinsons Disease

Parkinsons Disease Symptoms - Parkinson's syndrome is a chronic and degenerative disease that affects one of the most important parts of the brain: which controls the motor system. Its symptoms begin to manifest itself with a progressive loss of the ability to coordinate movements and have some specific characteristics that we contemplate here in depth.

It affects one small percentage of the population over 65 years as of the 40-year-old population and if it is your case, or the close person, we want to learn today between all the symptoms of this disease and physical rehabilitation that can help strengthen the hardest muscles of those who suffer from it.

Parkinsons Disease Symptoms - Symptoms Of Parkinsons Disease

Symptoms of Parkinson's syndrome

• Tremor: normally begin in the hands. Increases in tense situations or at rest and usually disappear during sleep. It may affect only one side or part of the body.
• Stiffness or lack of muscular flexibility: muscles tighten and shrink causing weakness and inflexibility.
• Bradykinesia: loss of spontaneous or automatic movements. It involves the slowness in all actions.
• Instability of the position: Parkinson's patients may be affected by a tilt (forward or backward) stand that falling is easy. As a result the way walking worsens.
• Sleep disorders: are characteristic features of the syndrome of Parkinson's sleepiness and nightmares. (Usually these disorders are associated with the drugs, which are very powerful in these specific treatments).
• Akinesia: total immobility that appears in a sudden manner and which can last from one hour up to few minutes.
• Treatment of the syndrome of Parkinson & physical rehabilitation

In addition to pharmacological and surgical treatment (very specific in each case), one of the most important aspects of the treatment of Parkinson's disease is to maintain muscle tone and motor functions. It is therefore essential to daily physical activity.

There are certain exercises that help Parkinson's patients maintain the mobility of members and strengthen the muscles that are usually most affected. We learn some:

Exercises for hands: first, to move the wrists by drawing a circle in the air on one side and the other. Then, with elbows by pressing the abdomen and the palms of the hand laid up, open and close your hands.
Exercises for feet: first, rest the soles of the feet on the floor and lifting and lowering ends as quickly as possible. Act followed, with the plants also supported raise your heels and get them hitting the floor with all possible strength.
Exercises for the neck: first, seated and with your back straight and good general posture, move his head forward until it touches the chest and back. Then, turn your head to the right and the left. Perform 10 reps without any hurry, with much calm and feeling every muscle.
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You can read another articles like    Parkinson Prevention, Parkinson Therapie, Parkinson Treatment,   Parkinsons Causes.








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Parkinsons Causes - What Causes Parkinsons Disease

Parkinsons Causes - We know that certain genetic factors and predisposition family to develop this disease, although a recent study published by the journal of the American Medical Association JAMA, indicates that diagnosed after age 50, Parkinson's does not have genetic components and certain environmental factors, they may be cause of this disorder. They suggest that studies related to the heritage linked to the disease, address subjects that have an early manifestation of the ailment.

Multiple pathogenetic hypotheses have emerged. Among the better-informed are involving a toxic, so far unknown factor, and genetic factors.

Parkinsons Causes - What Causes Parkinsons Disease

No matter what the cause last, various processes probably involved in the production of neuronal damage are referred to. Including the formation of free radicals. These are unstable compounds because they lack an electron. In an attempt to replace the electron missing, free radicals react with surrounding molecules (especially metals such as iron), in a process called oxidation. It is considered that oxidation causes damage to tissues, including nerve cells. Normally, antioxidants, chemicals that protect cells from damage, keep under control the damage caused by free radicals. The evidence that oxidative mechanisms can cause or contribute to Parkinson's disease include the finding that patients with the disease have elevated levels of iron in the brain, especially in the gray matter, and decreasing levels of ferritin, which serves as a protective mechanism surrounding or forming a circle around the iron and isolating it.

Other scientists have suggested that Parkinson's disease may occur when an external or internal toxin selectively destroys the dopaminergic neurons. A factor of environmental risks such as exposure to pesticides, or a toxin in the food supply, is an example of the kind of external trigger that could, hypothetically, cause Parkinson's disease. The theory has among its supports the fact that some toxins, such as tetrahidropiridina (MPTP) induce symptoms similar to those of the disease of Parkinson's as well as injury to neurons in the gray matter in humans and animals. However, to date, no research has provided definitive proof that a toxin is the cause of the disease.

A relatively new theory explores the role of genetic factors in the development of Parkinson's disease. A 15 to 25 percent of Parkinson's patients have a close relative who has experienced symptoms of Parkinson's.

After that animal studies showed that MPTP interferes with the functioning of the mitochondria within the nerve cells, researchers were interested in the possibility that the deterioration in the DNA of mitochondria can be the cause of Parkinson's disease. The mitochondria are essential organelles that are found in all animal cells that convert food energy in fuel cells.

Finally, another theory proposes that Parkinson's disease occurs when, for unknown reasons, the wear and tear of normal, age-related dopamine-producing neurons, is accelerated in certain people. This theory is based on the knowledge that the loss of antioxidative protective mechanisms is associated with Parkinson's disease and aging.
Many researchers believe that a combination of these four mechanisms - oxidative damage, environmental toxins, genetic predisposition and accelerated ageing - will finally identify as causes of this disease.

 You can read another articles like    Parkinson Prevention, Parkinson Therapie, Parkinson Treatment.


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Parkinson Treatment - Treatment For Parkinsons

Parkinson Treatment - The treatment of Parkinson's disease is symptomatic to extend or maintain the quality of life for as long as possible, since none of the available drugs currently serves on the progression of the disease.

Now combine three treatment options: pharmacological, surgical, and rehabilitative.

Pharmacological treatment and medication

As the symptoms of Parkinson's disease are primarily due to a lack of dopamine in the brain, medications used are formulations of dopamine in order to replace it.

Parkinson Treatment - Treatment For Parkinsons

Levodopa is the drug anti-parkinsonian more effectively today and in lathe to 80% of patients treated with Levodopa expresses a free initial improvement. It may occur along with other drugs to treat different symptoms associated with the disease. Once started the treatment with Levodopa it is essential to continue periodic controls to adjust your dosage and minimize the side effects which usually produces long term.

Surgical treatment of Parkinson's disease

It is mainly indicated for patients who for various reasons, already do not respond to drug treatment.

Deep brain stimulation is presently the surgical treatment most used because it has been shown that it provides a great improvement in the quality of life by reducing the symptoms associated with the disease. It also allows to reduce the medication, minimizing the side effects of anti-parkinsonian drugs.

Deep brain stimulation and brain pacemaker

Surgically placed an electrode in a specific area of the brain (the subthalamic nucleus) to block the activity of this causing the typical symptoms of Parkinson's brain structure with electrical impulses.

The surgery is performed under local anesthesia with a small hole in the skull through which is placed the electric Stimulator at the exact point of the brain previously selected with neuroimaging techniques. A few days later, and already under general anesthesia, passed beneath the skin of the neck connecting cables between the electrodes placed on the head and a pacemaker of stimulation, which is usually inserted under the collarbone.

It is a reversible intervention in the event of side effects occur or if the result was not expected and the risks are those relating to brain surgery.

Once the "brain pacemaker" implanted electrical stimulation parameters have to be adjusted individually, so it must be strict to find the optimal values of stimulation in each patient follow-up.

The key to surgical success is in relation to the correct selection of the candidate, the exact placement of the electrode in the brain and on achieving a perfect stimulation.

Subthalamotomy

There is another alternative therapy indicated for patients who, for some specific reason, not possible to implant a stimulator. This technique is called subthalamotomy and is in practice a termolesion controlled motor symptoms causing subthalamic nucleus area. In contrast to deep brain stimulation this technique is not reversible and its adverse effects may be permanent.

Rehabilitation treatment and physical therapy in Parkinson's

Rehabilitation treatment is aimed at treating specific disease dysfunction to foster the greatest degree of personal independence as possible:

• Facilitate the monitoring and coordination of movements.
• Treat disorders of posture and balance.
• Maintain an adequate mobility to articulate.
• Act on cognitive impairment and conduct.

 You can read another articles like  Parkinson Diagnostic, Parkinson Disease Treatment Natural Remedies, Parkinson Prevention, Parkinson Therapie.




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Parkinson Disease Treatment Natural Remedies

Parkinson Disease Treatment Natural Remedies - These are some of the best natural remedies for parkinson.

Natural Remedies For Parkinsons

Eat avocado and wheat germ, since they are rich in vitamin E which helps to protect the cells of the brain.
Wash and disinfect 1 mango, 2 oranges 1 lemon. Then, squeeze the oranges and lemon, pour into a blender and add the peeled mango. Blend until all the ingredients are well incorporated, serving and drinking freshly made. Citrus like Orange and lemon are a good source of vitamin C which act as an antioxidant that protects the brain from wear.
Place two tablespoons of Valerian in a cup of water and boil for 5 minutes. Remove from heat and let cool. Take a glass during the day which helps alleviate depression.

Parkinson Disease Treatment Natural Remedies

Try acupuncture to control tremors and relieve stiffness and depression.
Heat 2 cups of water, as soon as you release the boil add 1 tablespoon of Ginko biloba, lower the heat and simmer 10 minutes over very low heat. Strain and add 1 evening primrose oil, stir well and take immediately. This infusion once a day take ginkgo biloba improves brain irrigation and also because it is an antioxidant, fights against the free radicals responsible for the deterioration of cells.
Eating fatty fish due to the omega-3 containing. These help to reduce tremors caused by this disease.
Add seeds to the diet provides vitamins, minerals and substances that contribute to improve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, among them are the pumpkin seeds, sunflower seeds and flax seeds.
Group B vitamins are also very beneficial for Parkinson's, especially vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) which is found in large quantities in the egg yolk.
Include in the daily diet abundant fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains and nuts.
Banana, garlic, onion, oats, chickpeas, lentil, soybean, seed, egg, chocolate and dairy influence beneficially in the production of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, it is considered that more than half of the people with Parkinson's have low serotonin production.
Some studies report that in the form of supplements and under medical control taken carnitine improves the effects of Parkinson's, this substance is part of the body and is an amino acid that serves various functions as for example to transport fatty acids into the cells.
Omega 3 nutritional supplements or foods containing these fatty acids for health have beneficial effects in people with Parkinson's, Omega 3-rich foods are sardines, tuna, salmon and fish oil.
Recent research found that people with Parkinson's have low levels of Coenzyme Q 10, to be supplied in the form of supplement would enhance the effects of the disorder.
Some plants Act improving the depression that often accompanies Parkinson's, the most effective are St. John's Wort and Melissa.
Some herbs and supplements can interact with medications indicated by the doctor, it is not recommended to start treatments on their own without first consulting it with the appropriate health care professional.
We reiterate that at present there is no cure for Parkinson's, natural remedies will not solve the problem but the dietary changes tend to produce a great improvement and to slow down the progression of the disorder, which can be seen gradually to the cells of the brain begin to feed and oxygenate in the best form.

You can read another articles like Parkinson Definition, Parkinson Diagnostic.





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